GENERATION OF COMPUTERS - 1ST -5TH GENERATION (JS1 NOTE)

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 Generation of ComputerS

Features/Characteristics

Objective: At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to

1. List generation of computers

2. Describe the features of each generation

INTRODUCTION



These refer to the computer’s technical progress since the development of the first electronic computer. There are a total of five computer generations till date. They are:

(i)                First generation computers (1940-1959)

(ii)              Second generation computers (1960-1965)

(iii)            Third generation computers (1965-1970)

(iv)            Fourth generation computers (1972-1990)

(v)              Fifth  generation computers (1990 till date)

 

(i)                First generation computers (1940-1959)

(a)  They made use of vacuum tubes technology

(b) They were large and slow

(c)  They were unreliable

(d) They generated a lot of heat

(e) They consumed a lot of electricity. Examples are ENIAC, EDVAC, ABC, EDSAC. e.t.c

(ii)             Second generation computers (1960-1965)

(a)  They made use of transistors technology.

(b) They were reliable as compared to first generation

(c)  Smaller size as compared to first generation

(d) They used punch card paper tape and punch cards to input papers.

(e)  They supported machine and assembly language. Examples are IBM 1401, IBM 7070, UNIVAC, Honeywell 800 e.t.c

(iii)           Third generation computers (1965-1970)

(a)  They made use of  Integrated Circuit(IC’s) Technology.

(b) More memory and faster processing speed

(c)  Generated less heat

(d) They supported high level language e.g (FORTRAN-11, COBOL, BASIC, ALGOL-68 e.t.c)

(iv)  Fourth generation computers (1972-1990)

  1. They made use of Very Large Scale Integration technology (VLSI)

(b) Very cheap, portable and reliable

(c) They were used for internet technology. Examples are HP (Hewlett Packard), DELL, STAR 1000 e.t.c

                    (v) Fifth Generation Computers (1990 till date):

(a) The use Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI) technology



 (b) Development of Artificial Intelligence

  (c) Development of speech Processing

(d) Parallel Processing – Multiple operation simultaneously

(e) Availability of very powerful and compact computers at cheaper rates

(f) high speed operation

(g) Expert system-

Examples are: Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Ultrabook

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