DATABASE 1 -DEFINITION, TERMINOLOGIES AND DATA ITEMS - JS3 NOTES

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 DATABASE 1 -DEFINITION, TERMINOLOGIES AND DATA ITEMS


DEFINITION OF DATABASE

1. A database is a collection of data organized in a manner that allows access, retrieval and use of data.
2. A database is a collection of information that is organized so that it can easily be accessed, managed, and updated.

Meaning and Definition of DBMS

DBMS stands for DataBase Management System
DataBase Management System is defined as an application software that manipulates the data in the database.

Examples of DBMS Packages

They include:
(i) Dbase
(ii) Rbase
(Iii) MS Access
(iv) Oracle
(v) Paradox
(vi) MYSQL Server
(vii) SyBase
(viii) FOXPRO
(ix) IDMS
(x) System 2000.

Database Terminologies

1. Field: Field is a single piece of information about an object. A field is also defined as a space that holds specific parts of data from a set or a record. Examples of fields are NAME, ADDRESS, QUANTITY, AGE, etc.
2. Record: A record is a collection of fields. It is the collection of information about a particular element, person or object.
3. File: This is the collection of a related record
4. Primary Key: a field in a table whose value uniquely identifies each record in the table. Examples of fields that can serve as primary keys include; NIN, Driving License number, Bank account number, Admission number, Fingerprint, BVN, etc

Forms of Database

1. Hierarchical Database

in this form of database, data are arranged or structured in form of a tree. It can also be defined as a design that uses a one-to-many relationship for data elements. 
2. Network Model


This type of database allows the modelling of many-to-many relationships of data. In the network model of a database, a record can have multiple parents, making the system more flexible compared to the strict single parents of the hierarchical database.
3. Relational Model


A relational database presents information in tables with rows and columns. Records are arranged in rows while fields are arranged in columns. A relational database is the most common type of database structure. 

Class Activities

1. Define database and list five (5) examples of DBMS

2. Explain any two (2) database terminologies

3. _____________ database is structured in form of a tree..

  

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