DATA PROCESSING : MEANING AND DATA PROCESSING CYCLE/STAGES JS1 NOTES

 DATA PROCESSING : DEFINITION AND DATA PROCESSING CYCLE/STAGES

Definition of Data Processing

Data processing is a computer process that converts data into information.

Data Processing Cycle/Stages

Data processing cycle is the sequence of stages in processing data. The stages in data processing include:
1. Data gathering or collection
2. Data collation or preparation
3. Input stage
4. Processing stage
5. Storage stage
6. Output stage

1.Data Gathering: This is the process of collecting data together before processing.
The methods of gathering data include:
a. Interview
b. Questionnaire
c. Record review
d. Observation

2. Data Collation: This is the assembling of data in a standard order.

3. Input Stage: At this stage data are entered into a device like calculator or computer for processing. In computer, data are entered via input devices such as, Keyboard, Mouse, Joy Stick, Light pen, Track Ball, Scanner, Graphic Tablet, Microphone e.t.c

4. Processing Stage: This is where the data is converted from raw to information in a meaningful form.

5. Storage Stage: This is the stage where data are kept after processing. Processed data are stored in the main memory. The main memory is also known as primary or internal memory such as ROM/RAM.

6. Output Stage : This is the last stage of data processing where the result gathered from processing the data is sent out for the user to see and use. Examples of output device include Monitor, Printer, Projector, Speaker, and Plotter. 

Importance of Computer in Data Processing

1. Speed

Computers process large amounts of data very fast. Tasks that take humans many hours can be done in seconds.

2. Accuracy

Computers give accurate results when correct data and instructions are provided, reducing human errors.

3. Storage

Computers can store large amounts of data such as student records, examination results, and files, and retrieve them easily when needed.

4. Reliability

Computers can work continuously without getting tired, making them reliable for repeated data processing tasks.

5. Efficiency

Computers handle complex calculations and tasks efficiently, saving time and effort.

6. Automation

Once instructions are given, computers can process data automatically without constant human supervision.

7. Easy Retrieval of Data

Stored data can be quickly searched, accessed, and updated.

8. Data Security

Computers can protect data using passwords and other security measures to prevent unauthorized access.

CLASS ACTIVITIES

1. Define data processing.

2. Explain any two (2) data processing cycle.

3. State any three (3) importance of computer as a tool for processing data